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Public Health Research Topics

Research topics, objectives, methodologies and project ideas for Public Health students and researchers.

35 research topics available

Browse our collection of public health research topics designed for undergraduate, postgraduate and academic research projects. These topics can help students identify relevant research areas, formulate objectives, develop research questions and select appropriate methodologies.

Whether you are preparing a final year project, dissertation, thesis or independent research study, these topics provide inspiration and direction for developing a strong research proposal.

public-health

Determinants of Routine Health Check-Up Utilization Among Civil Servants in Federal Government Institutions in Nigeria

Routine health check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of chronic diseases. However, preventive healthcare utilization remains relatively low among many adults in Nigeria despite increasing burdens of non-communicable diseases. Civil servants represent a population with relatively stable employment and access to healthcare services, making them an important group for evaluating preventive healthcare practices. Understanding determinants of routine health screening utilization can guide workplace health promotion initiatives and improve early disease detection. This study seeks to investigate factors influencing routine health check-up utilization among civil servants in Nigeria.

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public-health

Determinants of Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence Among Patients Receiving Directly Observed Therapy in North-Central Nigeria

Tuberculosis remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, which ranks among countries with a high burden of the disease. Successful treatment depends heavily on adherence to prescribed therapy. Poor adherence increases the risk of treatment failure, disease transmission, drug resistance, and mortality. Several factors including socioeconomic constraints, stigma, medication side effects, healthcare accessibility, and social support may influence treatment adherence. Despite implementation of directly observed therapy programs, non-adherence continues to affect treatment outcomes. Understanding the determinants of adherence is critical for improving tuberculosis control efforts and achieving national elimination targets.

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public-health

Evaluation of Community-Based Health Insurance Awareness and Willingness to Enroll Among Rural Households in North-Central Nigeria

Community-based health insurance schemes have been promoted as mechanisms for improving financial protection and healthcare access among underserved populations. However, enrollment remains relatively low in many rural Nigerian communities due to limited awareness, affordability concerns, and trust-related issues. Understanding awareness levels and factors influencing willingness to enroll is essential for improving scheme design and expanding coverage. This study seeks to evaluate awareness and willingness to participate in community-based health insurance programs among rural households in North-Central Nigeria.

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public-health

Factors Influencing Antenatal Care Initiation During the First Trimester Among Pregnant Women in Semi-Urban Communities of South-East Nigeria

Early initiation of antenatal care is essential for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes through timely detection and management of pregnancy-related complications. However, many pregnant women in Nigeria initiate antenatal care late despite national and international recommendations. Delayed booking limits opportunities for preventive interventions, health education, and risk screening. Socioeconomic status, educational attainment, cultural beliefs, healthcare accessibility, and quality of services may influence antenatal care utilization. Although several studies have examined antenatal attendance, evidence specifically addressing first-trimester initiation remains limited in many semi-urban settings. Understanding factors associated with early antenatal care utilization is important for designing interventions that improve maternal healthcare-seeking behaviour. This study aims to investigate factors influencing first-trimester antenatal care initiation among pregnant women in South-East Nigeria.

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public-health

Factors Influencing Uptake of Malaria Preventive Treatment Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in North-West Nigeria

Malaria in pregnancy remains a major contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity in Nigeria. Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy is a key intervention recommended by the World Health Organization for reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with malaria infection. Despite national efforts to improve coverage, uptake of preventive treatment remains suboptimal in many regions. Factors such as late antenatal booking, stock-outs, inadequate knowledge, healthcare worker practices, and accessibility challenges may influence utilization. Understanding barriers and facilitators of preventive treatment uptake is essential for strengthening maternal health programs and reducing malaria-related complications during pregnancy.

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public-health

Geospatial Analysis of Malaria Hotspots and Healthcare Accessibility in High-Burden Local Government Areas of Nigeria

Malaria remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria despite extensive control efforts. Identifying geographical patterns of disease burden and healthcare accessibility can support targeted intervention planning and efficient resource allocation. Advances in geographic information systems and spatial epidemiology provide opportunities to map malaria hotspots and assess disparities in healthcare access. However, limited geospatial studies have explored the interaction between malaria burden and healthcare accessibility at the local government level. This study seeks to conduct a geospatial analysis of malaria hotspots and healthcare accessibility in high-burden areas of Nigeria.

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public-health

Health Insurance Enrollment and Healthcare Utilization Among Informal Sector Workers in Urban Nigeria

Achieving universal health coverage remains a priority for Nigeria's health sector. Although health insurance schemes have expanded in recent years, enrollment among informal sector workers remains relatively low despite their substantial contribution to the national workforce. Financial barriers continue to limit access to healthcare services, resulting in delayed care-seeking and catastrophic health expenditures. Understanding factors influencing health insurance enrollment and healthcare utilization among informal workers is critical for informing strategies aimed at expanding coverage and improving access to essential health services. This study investigates the relationship between health insurance enrollment and healthcare utilization among informal sector workers in urban Nigeria.

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public-health

Household Air Pollution Exposure and Respiratory Health Outcomes Among Women and Children in Rural Communities of North-Central Nigeria

Household air pollution remains a significant environmental health challenge in Nigeria, particularly in rural communities where biomass fuels such as firewood and charcoal are commonly used for cooking. Exposure to smoke from traditional cooking methods contributes to respiratory infections, chronic respiratory diseases, and adverse health outcomes among women and children who spend considerable time near cooking areas. Despite increasing awareness of environmental health risks, clean cooking technologies remain inaccessible to many households due to economic and infrastructural barriers. Understanding the relationship between household air pollution exposure and respiratory health outcomes is essential for informing interventions aimed at reducing disease burden. This study seeks to evaluate the association between household air pollution and respiratory health outcomes among women and children in rural North-Central Nigeria.

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public-health

Impact of Community Health Worker Home Visits on Maternal and Newborn Health Service Utilization in Rural Northern Nigeria

Community health workers play a critical role in extending essential healthcare services to underserved populations. Home visit programs have been implemented in various settings to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes through health education, referral support, and linkage to healthcare facilities. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of these interventions in rural Northern Nigeria remains limited. Evaluating the influence of home visits on healthcare utilization can provide valuable insights for strengthening community-based health programs and improving maternal and newborn outcomes.

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public-health

Knowledge and Uptake of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention Among High-Risk Populations in Urban Nigeria

Pre-exposure prophylaxis has emerged as an effective biomedical intervention for preventing HIV infection among high-risk populations. Despite increasing availability of PrEP services in Nigeria, awareness and uptake remain suboptimal. Factors such as stigma, misinformation, limited access to services, and concerns regarding medication safety may influence utilization. Understanding levels of awareness and determinants of uptake is important for optimizing HIV prevention strategies and reducing new infections among vulnerable groups. This study seeks to assess knowledge and uptake of PrEP among high-risk populations in urban Nigeria.

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public-health

Knowledge, Attitudes and Utilization of Mental Health Services Among Adolescents in Senior Secondary Schools in Nigeria

Mental health disorders frequently emerge during adolescence and can significantly affect educational attainment, social relationships, and long-term wellbeing. However, utilization of mental health services remains low among adolescents in Nigeria due to stigma, poor awareness, cultural misconceptions, and limited service availability. Early intervention is essential for preventing progression of mental health conditions and improving health outcomes. Understanding adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and utilization patterns is necessary for developing school-based mental health programs and policies that support early access to care.

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public-health

Knowledge, Risk Perception and Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Female Undergraduate Students in Nigerian Universities

Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women in Nigeria. Human papillomavirus vaccination offers a highly effective strategy for reducing the burden of cervical cancer. However, vaccine uptake remains low due to inadequate awareness, misconceptions, cultural concerns, cost barriers, and limited access. Female university students represent an important target population for preventive interventions because they are at an age where vaccination can still provide substantial benefits. Understanding knowledge levels, risk perception, and vaccine acceptance among young women is critical for developing effective awareness campaigns and vaccination programs. This study seeks to evaluate factors influencing acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccination among female undergraduate students in Nigerian universities.

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